Hi pmhoran,
To use "Protector" or the other d3 modules, you're required to set up "xoops_trust_path".
The "xoops_trust_path" is recommended to be set up outside of DocumentRoot. (ex. /home/yourhome/xoops_trust_path/)
Insert a line into just after defining XOOPS_URL in mainfile.php.
define('XOOPS_TRUST_PATH','/home/yourhome/xoops_trust_path');
Make a directory 'modules' under the directory. (XOOPS_TRUST_PATH/modules/)
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You can find a similar one in the instruction of pico.
http://xoops.peak.ne.jp/md/mydownloads/singlefile.php?cid=1&lid=111